Island



ART OF MANUFAUTURING HOSE.

APPL IOATION FILED JULY 17, 1901.

PATENTED JAN. 5, 1904.

N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I 5 all I. 1 j

3 7 Q3. Q3 3G X 5 a A C a Y do 2 2 .2 2 I No. 748,798. PATENTED JAN.5,1904. H.-H. SHEPARD & F. H. FISH.

ART OF MANUFACTURING HOSE.

APPLICATION PILED'JULY 17. 1901 N0 MODEL. s SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 748,798. PATENTEDJAN. 5, 1904.

' I H. H.- SHEPARD & F. H. FISH.

ART OF MANUFACTURING HOSE.

APPLiOATIONIILED JULY 17. 1901. HQ 1101231.. 3-SHEE'I'S-SEEET 3.

UNITED STATES Patented January 5, 1904.

PATENT Enron- HARRY H. SHEPARD AND FRANK H. Free, or nnrs roL, nnonn ISLAND.

As'rflor MANU FACTURiNG Hose.

' srncrrrcasrrou forming part of Letters patent no. 748,798, canoe January 5, icon.

' Application illed July 1'7, 1901 Serial No- 68.57 1, (No speoimensif To aZZ whom it may concern: Be it known that we, HARRY H. SHEPARD and FRANK H. FISH, of Bristol, in the county of Bristol and State of Rhode Island have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Art of Manufacturing Hose, of which the following is a specification.

Heretofore commercial .hose composed of plies of rubber and fabric has generally been limited to lengths of about fifty feet,"and for greater distances it has been customary to couple together a plurality of such lengths by metallic couplers. For a long time the need has been felt in the market of hose in greater lengths; but practical diificulties have existed as obstacles to its manufacture which it is the object of our present invention to overcome.-

We have discovered that a plurality of separately-constructed and vulcanized hose- .sections can be combined into an eificient continuous hose by uniting such vulcanized sectionsby an unvulcanized splice. and applying a vnlcanizing heat to the zone including said splice and the adjoining section ends.

By the aid of our present invention we are enabled to place upon the market boss in continuous lengths which are practically unlimited, the hose being of approximately equal strength and diameter at all parts and being manufactured Without any great addition of expense either in cost of labor or of apparatus.

In the accompanying drawings-i we have illustrated the manner of carrying outouninvention and means employed therein. t

Figure 1 represents, with middle broken away, the duck or other fabric frictioned on both sides with rubber and cut in one form adapted for the body of each section of our hose. Fig. 2 represents, before being rolled up, the edges of the rubber-coated duck A B of two sections X Y to be spliced together and therubber-coated-duck splicing-piece C between them. Fig. 3 represents the adjacent ends of two hose-sections X Yin position ready for the application of the splice and held together by the short splicing-mandrel dinal. section at the 5 and 6- are lonthe mold hold- G. Fig. 4 is a longitu joint when completed. Figs. gitudinal and cross sectionsof ing the joint for vulcanizing. Fig. 7 shows a modified manner of cutting the material for forming the hose and joint. Fig. Sshows the adjacent ends of two hose-sections made in this modified manner ready for joining.

From inspection of the two patterns given in Figs. 2 and"? it will be seen that the adjacent ends of the rubber-coated textile material for adjacent hose-sections are cut on lines which diverge from each other, while the splicing- Th'e textile material for the splicing-strip .thus forms approximately the complement of the textile material in the adjacent hose sections, being therefore adapted to fill in the space between the adjacent ends of each convolution of the textile material in the two sections being spliced. In Fig. 2 the line of divergence is an angle-line composed of lon gitudinal and transverse lines,while in Fig. 7 a

it is a straight diagonal. line; but we do not limit ourselves to either form of line. In both forms the winding of the textile material of each hose-section on the inner tube prod ucesatfeach end in general outline the form of thefrustum of a cone composed of a series of steps which are in the figures mum-- bored 1, 2, and 3. V 1

In making each hose-section with the form of cut shown in Fig. 2 we prefer to proceed .strip is also cut on similardiverging lines.

as follows: An inner tube D, of rubber compound the full length of the section, is placed on the ordinary hose mandrel or pole. Duck,

frictioned with rubber on both sides, is cut at.

its ends, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, so as to present at opposite ends diverging an gle-lines composed of longitudinal lines a a a, and transverse lines 1) 12 Each transverse line is preferably cut slightly longer the? the circumference of the ply which it is to to min the hose, so that it slightly overlaps itself. The

number of transverse lines corresponds with the nu mber of plies of textile material in the finished hose.- The duck so out is wrapped three times (for a'three-ply hose or more times for a greater ply hose) around the inner tube 1), and the top or outer ply is covered by a ply of. rubber forming the usual outer rubber tube or cover F. The hosesection thus made is shown in Fig. 3 and is then vulcanized in the usual manner.

To join together two vulcanized sections edges of the sections Means is also made as above described, we lows: The ends of two sections, as X and Y, are brought together, as shown in Fig. 3,

proceed as folupona short splicing-mandrel G, which ex- 1 tends a short distance into the end of each, the protruding ends D of the inner rubber tubes of the two sections abutting against each other. The protrudingstepsl 2 3 of the rubber-coated textile material are smeared with rubber-cement. A piece of sheeted rubber compound 4 is wrapped around the protrudint, ends D, so asto extend from the edge of the inner step 3 of one section to the edge of the inner step 3 of the other section, and is pressed bya roller until it adheres firmly. The two edges of this piece; overlap each other slightly. A pieceof duck C, frictioned with 'rubber on both sides and corresponding in texture with the duck forming the body of both sections, is out, as shown in Fig. i, so that its two edges are disposed inversely t0 the A and B, the portions to form the several plies between the steps being lettered l, 9, and 3, respectively. The first-ply portion 3 is woundaround the piece 4, drawn tightly, and rolleddown until it substantially fills the space up to the level of the steps 3 on the two sections. The portion 3 is long enough so that it overlaps itself. Now the winding of the splicing-piece C is continued until the second-ply portion 2, which is drawn tightly and rolled down, substantially fills the space between the steps 2 up to the level of such steps. The portion 2 of the splicing-piece is made long enough to overlap itself also. Now the winding of the splicing-piece is continued until the thirdply portion 1 fills thespace between the steps 1 substantially upto the level of the same, and it is also made long enough to overlap itself. Nexttwo pieces of frictiontape 8 and 9 are applied, so as to cover the joint between thirdply portion 1 of the splicing-piece C and step 1 of each of the sections being spliced. Next an outer layer H, of sheeted rubber compound, is applied, so as to overlap the outer rubber tube of each section and cover all of the parts between the same, including the friction-tapes and the entire splice. Aseach part is applied it is forced against the part underlying it-and thoroughly rolled down, the short mandrel G enabling this to be done without contracting the internal diameter at the splice. The

joint thus formed is then vulcanized in any convenient manner, a mold which may be used for this purpose being shown in Figs. 5 and 6. This mold consists of the two parts I and J, which when placed together face to face providean open passage K of sufiticient size to inclose the splice and extend slightly beyond the splice provided for heating both of these mold parts, such as providing each of them with a steamchamber, as I J, orany other suitable means. provided whereby these two mold parts may be pressed powerfully toat each end.' Meansis ing-niandrel G. For this purpose we gether, so as to reduce the external diameter of the splice to substantially the diameter of the two sections spliced. The splice is wrapped with a piece of cloth and placed in the mold with the two spliced sections protruding from opposite ends of the mold. Sufficient pressure is exerted to reduce the outside diameter of the splice to the diameter of the sections spliced and suiiicient heat is applied to the mold parts for the purpose of thoroughly vulcanizing the splice. The heat for vulcanizing the splice will also cause the rubber compounds of the splice and of the rubber-cement and of the spliced sections to unite, so as to make a substantially homogeneous union.

After the completion of the above operations, by which two sections of hose are'spliced together, it remains to remove the short splichave conceived the idea of employing a fluid-pressure, either pneumatic or hydraulic, and have discovered that the removal can be readily and successfully accomplished thereby without detriment to the hose. For this purpose we apply at either end of the combined sections the nozzle from a gas or liquid supply under pressure, while holding the hose lengthwise distended and straight from the point occupied by the splicing-mandrel to the opposite'end. The gas or liquid pressure on one side of the short splicing-mandrel G will without other assistance drive it out of the opposite end. Y

We do notwish to be limited to the order in which the vulcanizing and mandrel-expelling operations take place, since the vulcanizing might be done after the-expulsion of the mandrel by the use of other means of keeping the hose distended at the splice while being vulcanized.

By repeating the splicing operationas often as is necessary-as many sections of hose may be spliced together as is desired, so as to produce a substantially continuous hose of unlimited length which from end to end is continnously vulcanized and is for practical purposes of a strength nearly equivalent to what its strengthwould be if the duck were continuous and unspliced; v

If the duck be out according tothe pattern of Fig. 7, the edges ofthe steps 1, 2, and 3 will be spirally disposed, as shown in'Fig. 8, instead of being in'planes at right angles to the axis of the hose, as shown in Fig. 3. The operations of splicing, vulcanizing, and expelling the splicing-mandrel are, however,

substantially the same.

In the drawings each splicing strip is shown as composed of a continuous piece of textile material, and this isthe preferable construction; but it might be divided so that each ply ofthe splicingstrip would be aseparate piece from the other plies of the same.

Thus in Fig. 2 the splicing-piece might be divided on the dotted lines which extend across-it longitudinally of the hose.

name 3 Having thus fully described our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- The improvement in the art of hose mann- 5 factnre which consists in bringing the ends of two separately-vulcanized hose-sectionstogether npo'na mandrel extending into the end of each, then applying a. splicing-strip overlapping both said ends, and subsequently 1o vulcanizing said splice and expelling said mandrel by fluid-pressure, substantially as described. I I 'In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of 

